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Table 2 Characteristics of included studies

From: Provider kinematic strategies during the delivery of spinal manipulation and mobilization: a scoping review of the literature

Author/s

year, country

Study design

MAN/ MOB

Individual delivering procedure

Experience, n

Individual receiving procedure

n

Region treated

Applied procedure description

Force direction

Recipient position

Procedure named

Bereznick et al.

2002, Canada (25)

Observational cross-sectional

MAN

Chiropractors

> 5 year, n = 9

Unclear

n = 5

Thoracic

Yes

Yes

Yes

Lorme & Naqvi

2003, Australia

(18)

Observational cross-sectional

MAN

Chiropractors

Mixed, n = 7

Adult

n = 1

Cervical

Thoracic

Lumbar

Cervical: no

Thoracic: yes

Lumbar: no

No

Cervical: no

Thoracic: yes

Lumbar: no

Derian et al.

2020, USA

(26)

Observational cross-sectional

MAN

Physiotherapists

Mixed, n = 4

Students

NR, n = 39

Adult

NR

Lumbar

No

Yes

Yes

Mehyar et al.

2020, USA

(28)

Observational cross-sectional

MOB

Physiotherapists

Mixed, n = 2

Adult

n = 16

Lumbar

No

Yes

Yes

Weiner et al.

2022, USA

(27)

Observational cross-sectional

MAN

Chiropractor

> 5 year, n = 1

Adult

n = 10

Lumbar

No

Yes

Yes

  1. Abbreviations: Adult: adult human (18–65 years old); MAN: spinal manipulation; Mixed: practitioner experience both < and > 5 years; MOB: spinal mobilization; n: number; NA: not applicable; No: information not reported; NR: not reported; Yes: information reported; yr: years